Civil Engineer Job Profile

Civil engineers are responsible for designing structures and services that the public use almost every day. This is everything from roadways and cycle paths to bridges, airports and shipping ports. Later in their careers, most civil engineers specialise in an area that interests them, but could work with any of these areas depending on the firm and the projects they’re working on. Here are some of the daily tasks that you might have as a civil engineer:

Meeting with a client to understand what they want from a project
Researching the type of project, the innovations in that area and new projects that are already underway
Starting the design process, incorporating the client’s vision with your ideas and technical understanding
Learning about the materials that you could use and deciding which is best for the project based on requirements like durability, flexibility, sustainability, aesthetics and budget
Testing the materials to make sure they work for your requirements
Meeting with your colleagues and clients to discuss your ideas
Making any revisions to your plans based on feedback
Going to the construction site to advise on the building process

Civil engineer career path

Working as a civil engineer gives you great possibilities for future work that you can do. Here is just one possible career path:

Entry level

You begin your working life as a junior civil engineer. This entry-level position is intended to teach you the basic requirements of work as a civil engineer. Most of your work includes supervision from more senior colleagues. You might do additional work to help your colleagues like arranging meetings with clients and checking up on progress at a work site.

Career progression

With experience, you become a mid-level civil engineer. In this role, you’re responsible for your own designs and given the freedom to make your designs. When you have enough experience, you start training junior members of the team and take on more complex or high-profile work.

Future career

You could progress to an engineering project manager role. This involves managing the engineering projects going on within a firm. While a civil engineer focuses mainly on the design and oversees the construction, an engineering project manager oversees the project through its entire programme, making sure budgets and timelines are met, alongside the requirements that the client has.

You may decide that moving into a consulting role is ideal for you. This means working with companies and other organisations, understanding their requirements and designing structures to match these.

Civil engineer salaries

You have the opportunity to reach high-paying jobs on a civil engineering career path. Here's how much civil engineers make at different levels of the job:

In entry-level positions like junior civil engineer, you can expect to earn around £28,000 per year
Mid-level civil engineer jobs earn you around £45,000 per year
Chartered civil engineer salaries start at £52,500 per year

Depending on the type of project you’re working on, the firm and your level of expertise, you can earn more than £100,000 per year in top positions.

Learn more about engineering salaries.

Qualifications and training

Working as a civil engineer often requires high-level qualifications, and having the right education helps you reach high-level jobs. Here is the education that you need to work as a civil engineer.

Education

To work as an engineer, you typically need at least an undergraduate degree in Engineering. Some firms prefer a master’s degree. This level of education gives you the theoretical understanding that you need to perform your work as a civil engineer well. Having a master’s degree is often a requirement for higher-level professional qualifications.

Another option is to work through an apprenticeship. This means working with an engineering firm and gaining practical experience. Some apprenticeships include degree-level study, which the firm pays for. This means you get theoretical knowledge from your studies and practical experience from the work you do with the apprenticeship.

You can learn more about how to get into engineering without a BEng.

Work experience

Having some work experience sets you apart from other candidates applying for entry-level civil engineer jobs. You often get experience through a degree, as many engineering degrees offer time in industry during your third year of study.

An alternative way of gaining experience is through an internship. You can look through the internships in engineering that are available right now. Alternatively, you can explore opportunities by networking. This means making contacts in the industry during events or through social media sites like LinkedIn.

Professional qualifications

Having some professional qualifications helps you excel in your career as a civil engineer. The three qualifications discussed here are accessible to engineers already working in the industry, so having some years of experience is required.

You could become a technician engineer (EngTech) or an incorporated engineer (IEng), but the most prestigious qualification for engineers is CEng, which makes you a chartered engineer. The Engineering Council is the professional body that gives out chartered engineer status. To get these qualifications, you typically need a master’s degree in Engineering. You can learn more about the qualifications at the Institution of Civil Engineers website.

Civil engineer skills

Combined with your education and work experience, here are the skills that you need to perform well as a civil engineer:

Hard skills

Engineering. This is a basic requirement of a civil engineer job. You need to understand how complex structures work, how to make them strong and what you can do to prevent weathering and general wear from affecting the structural integrity.
Materials. You need to understand the different materials available to you and which are better for the type of project you’re working on. You might need to do some testing to make sure you’re choosing the right materials for the job.
Design. You need to have great design skills. This often means working with design software to make accurate and detailed designs. Having a good understanding of the software available could help you go into a civil engineer job.

Soft skills

Problem-solving. You will come across many factors that affect your designs. This could be the weather conditions, soil type, heavy wear by users or any number of other issues. Being good at thinking outside the box and thinking around problems helps you do a great job as a civil engineer.
Creativity. Not only are your clients looking for a useful structure, but many also require some level of aesthetic design. Combining your engineering requirements with ways of making the structure look interesting takes a good level of creativity.
Organisation. Part of your job is organising your workload. This means making sure you’ve completed your designs by the set deadlines and working within a budget. Organising yourself and your work helps you achieve this.
Attention to detail. Being able to think of minute factors that affect a build and factoring these in really helps you make an intricate and useful design.

Learn more about the skills and attributes you need to get into engineering.

Pros and cons of being a civil engineer

You may have decided that a civil engineering position sounds perfect for you. There are great and not-so-great parts about the job that you should know about. Here’s what you should consider before committing to the civil engineer career path:

Pros

The most senior work in civil engineering will offer you a large annual salary
There is high demand for civil engineers, so it’s a great industry to get into
You could work on interesting projects, some being high profile or complex
Civil engineering positions combine working in the office and outdoors, which makes them varied roles

Cons

There is some travel required with civil engineer work. This can make your working day long if you’re commuting to a site and may require overnight stays.
You might have long working hours to get your designs done
It can be highly pressured and you might be held responsible if something goes wrong with the build or after construction
You could be working outside in all conditions, which can make this area of your work less fun

Civil engineer work–life balance

Your work as a civil engineer is split between the office work you do when making designs and the onsite work like meeting with clients, inspecting sites and overseeing construction work.

Civil engineers typically work standard office hours of 9am to 5pm on Monday to Friday. You could sometimes be expected to do longer hours around deadlines or when you have a significant amount of work to complete. If you’re working on site, your working days will likely be longer and also include a longer commute home if you’re not staying in a hotel or temporary accommodation.

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Civil Engineer